世界名著现实关联读《飘》（Gone with the wind ）（23） (第3/3页)

rs’ladiesandtheplanters’slavescouldnotoverlookthefactthathewasnotbornagentleman，eveniftheirmenfolkscould.

    Inthebeginning，theTroophadbeenrecruitedexclusivelyfromthesonsofplanters，agentleman’soutfit，eachmansupplyinghisownhorse，arms，equipment，uniformandbodyservant.ButrichplanterswerefewintheyoungcountyofClayton，and，inordertomusterafull-strengthtroop，ithadbeennecessarytoraisemorerecruitsamongthesonsofsmallfarmers，huntersinthebackwoods，swamptrappers，Crackersand，inaveryfewcases，evenpoorwhites，iftheywereabovetheaverageoftheirclass.

    TheselatteryoungmenwereasanxioustofighttheYankees，shouldwarcome，asweretheirricherneighbutthedelicatequestionofmoneyarose.Fewsmallfarmersownedhorses.Theycarriedontheirfarmoperationswithmulesandtheyhadnosurplusofthese，seldommorethanfour.Themulescouldnotbesparedtogoofftowar，eveniftheyhadbeenacceptablefortheTroop，whichtheyemphaticallywerenot.Asforthepoorwhites，theyconsideredthemselveswelloffiftheyownedonemule.Thebackwoodsfolksandtheswampdwellersownedneitherhorsesnormules.Theylivedentirelyofftheproduceoftheirlandsandthegameintheswamp，conductingtheirbusinessgenerallybythebartersystemandseldomseeingfivedollarsincashayear，andhorsesanduniformswereoutoftheirreach.Buttheywereasfiercelyproudintheirpovertyastheplanterswereintheirwealth，andtheywouldacceptnothingthatsmackedofcharityfromtheirrichneighbors.So，tosavethefeelingsofallandtobringtheTroopuptofullstrength，Scarlett’sfather，JohnWilkes，BuckMunroe，JimTarleton，HughCalvert，infacteverylargeplanterintheCountywiththeoneexceptionofAngusMacIntosh，hadcontributedmoneytocompletelyoutfittheTroop，horseandman.Theupshotofthematterwasthateveryplanteragreedtopayforequippinghisownsonsandacertainnumberoftheothers，butthemannerofhandlingthearrangementswassuchthatthelesswealthymembersoftheoutfitcouldaccepthorsesanduniformswithoutoffensetotheirhonor.

    摘自美国小说《飘》

    从上面的文字看出，美国南北战争爆发前的南方，其战争动员和筹备的一些具体细节。南方的那些大庄园主，包括Scarlett的父亲在内，很明白他们要什么、捍卫什么，所以，他们很大方地出钱出力，支持战争。

    南方参战部队的组成和训练，有南方民间力量的加入，是半强制性地组建。原则上谁钱多，加入后的话语权更大。但是，打仗的部队，其衡量标准不是钱啊，而是要能打仗啊。那些有太多钱的公子哥们整日酗酒是不胜任军官职的，于是便有了士兵推举军官制度。一些有钱人家的公子哥加入部队以后，心里虽不服，但必须接受，这是人类社会的因势而立的客观现实。在一社会群体中，个人的实力大小因社会大势变化带来的衡量标准的变化而会大变动的。

    〈待续〉