人类的故事-The Story of Mankind(英文版)_第69节 首页

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   第69节 (第2/2页)

nagainstitssters,thetartars.itcessful

    anditsfaastheleaderinthecauseofrussianindependence

    deshenaturaltreforallthosewho

    stillbelievedierfuturefortheslavicratheyear

    1458,nstantinopleakenbytheturks.tenyears

    later,uheruleofivaniii,sedthe

    totheworldly

    andspiritualianpire,and

    suaneireashadsurvivedin

    nstantinople.ageioerrible,

    thegranddukesenoughtoadoptthe

    titleofaionbythee

    powersofeurope.

    intheyear1598,usvite

    dynasty,desanrurik,cato

    anend.forthesevenyears,atartarhalfbreed,bythe

    naodunowasduring

    thisperiodthatthefuturedestinyofthelargessesofthe

    russianpeoplepirehinland

    butverypoorihereradeandtherewere

    nofactories.itsfeposed

    ofastroandavastnuerof

    illiteratepeasants.thisgovent,axtureofslavic,

    norse,byzaartarinfluences,reghing

    beyoerestofthestate.todefendthisstate,it

    neededanar.togatherthetaxes,hessary

    <

    officialsitneededland.iheeast

    anddity.but

    landhoutafeotillthefieldsahe

    adicpeasants

    ertheother,untilfinally,during

    thefirstyearofthesixteeury,theyally

    deapartofthesoiluponheylived.therussian

    peasaheybecaserfsorslaves

    andtheyreinedserfsuntiltheyear1861,heirfate

    hadbeesoterriblethattheyodieout.

    inthesevehtury,thissgrowing

    territorye

    aforcehherestofeuropeo

    re.in1618,afterthedeathodunohe

    russiannobleshadelectedoheirobertobe

    tsar.heily

    ofronotlehousejustoutsidethe

    krein.

    intheyear1672hisgreatgrandsoer,thesonofanother

    feodor,hechildenyearsold,

    hisstepsistersophiatookpossessionoftherussianthrone.

    thelittleboyospendhisdaysinthesuburbsof

    thenationalcapital,hefnerslived.surrounded

    bystchbarkeepers,dutchtraders,shecaries,italian

    barbers,frenasters,

    theyoungpriainedafirstbutratherextraordinary

    iressionofthatfaraysteriouseuropewhere

    thingsly.

    whenheeenyearsold,hesuddenlypushed

    sistersophiafrohethroerhielfbecatheruler

    ofrussia.heedhbeisarofa

    sebarbarousandhalfasiatiustbethesn

    headofacivilisednation.togerussiaoveight

    frobyzantiartarstateint

    ...

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